Asociación entre enfermedad periodontal y enfermedad cardiovascular.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31984/oactiva.v8i1.682Palabras clave:
Enfermedades periodontales, enfermedades cardiovasculares, periodontitisResumen
La enfermedad periodontal y los trastornos sistémicos continúan siendo un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. En los últimos años, varios estudios han evidenciado una asociación entre la periodontitis y las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). Por lo tanto, el objetivo de la presente revisión bibliográfica es determinar la asociación entre la enfermedad periodontal y la ECV. Se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura en el idioma inglés para recopilar las publicaciones de los últimos 12 años, utilizando las bases de datos Wiley Online Library, PubMed, Google Académico, Dialnet, PMC, BVS y Medline, empleando las siguientes palabras clave: enfermedades periodontales, enfermedades cardiovasculares y periodontitis. Se seleccionaron solamente las publicaciones más relevantes, consiguiendo un total de 56 artículos. La asociación entre la periodontitis y las ECV se podría explicar por la inflamación sistémica crónica y la influencia de factores de riesgo que comparten ambas patologías, sin embargo, se necesitan de futuros estudios clínicos para poder establecer una relación concreta entre las dos enfermedades.
Palabras clave: enfermedades periodontales, enfermedades cardiovasculares, periodontitis.
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Referencias bibliográficas
1. Orlandi M, Graziani F, D’Aiuto F. Periodontal therapy and cardiovascular risk. Periodontology 2000. 2020; 83(1): 107-124. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12299
2. Sanz M, Marco del Castillo A, Jepsen S, Gonzalez J, D’Aiuto F, Bouchard P, et al. Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: Consensus report. J Clin Periodontol. 2020; 47(3): 268-288. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13189
3. Cruz M, Cárdenas S, Moreno F, Moreno S. Enfermedad periodontal y enfermedad cardiovascular: una interacción extrema. Universitas Médica. 2015; 56(4): 491-508. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=231044020011
4. Pineda L, Toledo B, Veitia F. Enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria crónica y enfermedades cardiovasculares. Medicent Electrón. 2020; 24(2): 337-359. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/mdc/v24n2/1029-3043-mdc-24-02-337.pdf
5. Li C, Lv Z, Shi Z, Zhu Y, Wu Y, Li L, et al. Periodontal therapy for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic periodontitis (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017; 11: 1-46. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009197.pub3
6. Berlin Y, Febbraio M, Levin L. Association between apical periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review of the literature. International Endodontic Journal. 2017; 50(9): 847-859. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12710
7. Rodrigues T, de Figueiredo J, Figueiredo A, Lopes M, de Almeida A. Association between Chronic Apical Periodontitis and Coronary Artery Disease. J Endod. 2014; 40(2): 164-167. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.10.026
8. Belstrøm D, Damgaard C, Nielsen C, Holmstrup P. Does a causal relation between cardiovascular disease and periodontitis exist? Microbes and Infection. 2012; 14(5): 411-418. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2011.12.004
9. Bourgeois D, Inquimbert C, Ottolenghi L, Carrouel F. Periodontal Pathogens as Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cancer, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – Is There Cause for Consideration? Microorganisms. 2019; 7(10): 1-17. Disponible en; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7100424
10. Sarmiento L, Velosa J, Arango D, Villegas M, Latorre C, Escobar F. Relación entre la presencia de enfermedad periodontal y el infarto agudo al miocardio por medio de la proteína C reactiva ultrasensible. Primera parte. Universitas Odontológica. 2015; 34(73): 21-30. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.uo34-73.rpep
11. Caton J, Armitage G, Berglundh T, Chapple I, Jepsen S, Kornman K, et al. A new classification scheme for periodontal and peri‐implant diseases and conditions – Introduction and key changes from the 1999 classification. J Clin Periodontol. 2018; 45(20); S1–S8. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12935
12. Van T, Starr J. Unraveling the Link Between Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2013; 2(6): 1-2. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.113.000657
13. Herrera D, Molina A, Buhlin K, Klinge B. Periodontal diseases and association with atherosclerotic disease. Periodontology 2000. 2020; 83(1): 66–89. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12302
14. Khumaedi A, Purnamasari D, Wijaya I, Soeroso Y. The relationship of diabetes, periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2019; 13(2): 1675-1678. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.023
15. Cotti E, Mercuro G. Apical periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: previous findings and ongoing research. International Endodontic Journal. 2015; 48(10): 926–932. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12506
16. Schulz S, Schlitt A, Hofmann B, Schaller H, Reichert S. Periodontal pathogens and their role in cardiovascular outcome. J Clin Periodontol. 2020; 47(2): 173–181. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13224
17. Martínez M, Camejo L, Sánchez R. Relación entre la enfermedad periodontal y la cardiopatía isquémica. Correo Científico Médico (CCM). 2019; 23(4): 2101-2121. Disponible en: http://www.revcocmed.sld.cu/index.php/cocmed/article/view/3345/1473
18. Aarabi G, Zeller T, Seedorf H, Reissmann D, Heydecke G, Schaefer A, et al. Genetic Susceptibility Contributing to Periodontal and Cardiovascular Disease. Journal of Dental Research. 2017; 96(6): 610-617. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034517699786
19. Albandar J, Susin C, Hughes F. Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations. J Periodontol. 2018; 89(1): S183–S203. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.16-0480
20. Herrera D, Retamal B, Alonso B, Feres M. Acute periodontal lesions (periodontal abscesses and necrotizing periodontal diseases) and endo‐periodontal lesions. J Clin Periodontol. 2018; 45(20): S78–S94. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12941
21. Liccardo D, Cannavo A, Spagnuolo G, Ferrara N, Cittadini A, Rengo C, et al. Periodontal Disease: A Risk Factor for Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019; 20(6); 2-14. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061414
22. Yu Y-H, Chasman D, Buring J, Rose L, Ridker P. Cardiovascular risks associated with incident and prevalent periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 2014; 42(1): 21-28. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12335
23. Slocum C, Kramer C, Genco C. Immune dysregulation mediated by the oral microbiome: potential link to chronic inflammation and atherosclerosis (Review). J Intern Med. 2016; 280(1): 114–128. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12476
24. Suzuki J-i, Imai Y, Aoki M, Fujita D, Aoyama N, Tada Y, et al. Periodontitis in Cardiovascular Disease Patients with or without Marfan Syndrome -A Possible Role of Prevotella intermedia-. PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(4): 1-4. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095521
25. Tonetti M, Van T and on behalf of working group 1 of the joint EFP/ AAP workshop. Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: consensus report of the Joint EFP/AAP Workshop on Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases. J Periodontol. 2013; 84(4): S24-S29. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2013.1340019
26. Falcao A, Bullón P. A review of the influence of periodontal treatment in systemic diseases. Periodontology 2000. 2019; 79(1): 117–128. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12249
27. Pizzicannella J, Diomede F, Merciaro I, Caputi S, Tartaro A, Guarnieri S, et al. Endothelial committed oral stem cells as modelling in the relationship between periodontal and cardiovascular disease. J Cell Physiol. 2018; 233(10): 6734–6747. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.26515
28. Vidal F, Cordovil I, Figueredo C, Fischer R. Non-surgical periodontal treatment reduces cardiovascular risk in refractory hypertensive patients: a pilot study. J Clin Periodontol. 2013; 40(7): 681-687. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12110
29. Qi J, Zihang Z, Zhang J, Park Y, Shrestha D, Jianling B, et al. Periodontal Antibodies and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality. Journal of Dental Research. 2019; 99(1): 51-59. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034519884012
30. Delange N, Lindsay S, Lemus H, Finlayson T, Kelley S, Gottlieb R. Periodontal disease and its connection to systemic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in young American Indian/Alaskan natives. J Periodontol. 2018; 89(2): 219–227. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.17-0319
31. Reichert S, Schulz S, Benten A, Lutze A, Seifert T, Schlitt M, et al. Periodontal conditions and incidence of new cardiovascular events among patients with coronary vascular disease. J Clin Periodontol. 2016; 43(11): 918-925. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12611
32. Schenkein H, Loos B. Inflammatory mechanisms linking periodontal diseases to cardiovascular diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2013; 40(14): S51–S69. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12060
33. Montenegro M, Ribeiro I, Kampits C, Saffi M, Furtado M, Polanczyk C, et al. Randomized controlled trial of the effect of periodontal treatment on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with stable coronary artery disease: Preliminary findings of 3 months. J Clin Periodontol. 2019; 46(3): 321–331. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13085
34. Sproston N, Ashworth J. Role of C-Reactive Protein at Sites of Inflammation and Infection. Front Inmunol. 2018; 9: 754-765. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00754
35. Isola G, Alibrandi A, Currò M, Matarese M, Ricca S, Matarese G, et al. Evaluation of salivary and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in patients with periodontal and cardiovascular disease as subclinical marker of cardiovascular risk. 2020; 91(8): 1076-1084. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.19-0446
36. Taha I, Naba A. Exploring the extracellular matrix in health and disease using proteomics. Essays Biochem. 2019; 63(3): 417-432. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1042/EBC20190001
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1. Orlandi M, Graziani F, D’Aiuto F. Periodontal therapy and cardiovascular risk. Periodontology 2000. 2020; 83(1): 107-124. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12299
2. Sanz M, Marco del Castillo A, Jepsen S, Gonzalez J, D’Aiuto F, Bouchard P, et al. Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: Consensus report. J Clin Periodontol. 2020; 47(3): 268-288. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13189
3. Cruz M, Cárdenas S, Moreno F, Moreno S. Enfermedad periodontal y enfermedad cardiovascular: una interacción extrema. Universitas Médica. 2015; 56(4): 491-508. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=231044020011
4. Pineda L, Toledo B, Veitia F. Enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria crónica y enfermedades cardiovasculares. Medicent Electrón. 2020; 24(2): 337-359. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/mdc/v24n2/1029-3043-mdc-24-02-337.pdf
5. Li C, Lv Z, Shi Z, Zhu Y, Wu Y, Li L, et al. Periodontal therapy for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic periodontitis (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017; 11: 1-46. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009197.pub3
6. Berlin Y, Febbraio M, Levin L. Association between apical periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review of the literature. International Endodontic Journal. 2017; 50(9): 847-859. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12710
7. Rodrigues T, de Figueiredo J, Figueiredo A, Lopes M, de Almeida A. Association between Chronic Apical Periodontitis and Coronary Artery Disease. J Endod. 2014; 40(2): 164-167. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.10.026
8. Belstrøm D, Damgaard C, Nielsen C, Holmstrup P. Does a causal relation between cardiovascular disease and periodontitis exist? Microbes and Infection. 2012; 14(5): 411-418. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2011.12.004
9. Bourgeois D, Inquimbert C, Ottolenghi L, Carrouel F. Periodontal Pathogens as Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cancer, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – Is There Cause for Consideration? Microorganisms. 2019; 7(10): 1-17. Disponible en; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7100424
10. Sarmiento L, Velosa J, Arango D, Villegas M, Latorre C, Escobar F. Relación entre la presencia de enfermedad periodontal y el infarto agudo al miocardio por medio de la proteína C reactiva ultrasensible. Primera parte. Universitas Odontológica. 2015; 34(73): 21-30. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.uo34-73.rpep
11. Caton J, Armitage G, Berglundh T, Chapple I, Jepsen S, Kornman K, et al. A new classification scheme for periodontal and peri‐implant diseases and conditions – Introduction and key changes from the 1999 classification. J Clin Periodontol. 2018; 45(20); S1–S8. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12935
12. Van T, Starr J. Unraveling the Link Between Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2013; 2(6): 1-2. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.113.000657
13. Herrera D, Molina A, Buhlin K, Klinge B. Periodontal diseases and association with atherosclerotic disease. Periodontology 2000. 2020; 83(1): 66–89. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12302
14. Khumaedi A, Purnamasari D, Wijaya I, Soeroso Y. The relationship of diabetes, periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2019; 13(2): 1675-1678. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.023
15. Cotti E, Mercuro G. Apical periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: previous findings and ongoing research. International Endodontic Journal. 2015; 48(10): 926–932. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12506
16. Schulz S, Schlitt A, Hofmann B, Schaller H, Reichert S. Periodontal pathogens and their role in cardiovascular outcome. J Clin Periodontol. 2020; 47(2): 173–181. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13224
17. Martínez M, Camejo L, Sánchez R. Relación entre la enfermedad periodontal y la cardiopatía isquémica. Correo Científico Médico (CCM). 2019; 23(4): 2101-2121. Disponible en: http://www.revcocmed.sld.cu/index.php/cocmed/article/view/3345/1473
18. Aarabi G, Zeller T, Seedorf H, Reissmann D, Heydecke G, Schaefer A, et al. Genetic Susceptibility Contributing to Periodontal and Cardiovascular Disease. Journal of Dental Research. 2017; 96(6): 610-617. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034517699786
19. Albandar J, Susin C, Hughes F. Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations. J Periodontol. 2018; 89(1): S183–S203. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.16-0480
20. Herrera D, Retamal B, Alonso B, Feres M. Acute periodontal lesions (periodontal abscesses and necrotizing periodontal diseases) and endo‐periodontal lesions. J Clin Periodontol. 2018; 45(20): S78–S94. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12941
21. Liccardo D, Cannavo A, Spagnuolo G, Ferrara N, Cittadini A, Rengo C, et al. Periodontal Disease: A Risk Factor for Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019; 20(6); 2-14. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061414
22. Yu Y-H, Chasman D, Buring J, Rose L, Ridker P. Cardiovascular risks associated with incident and prevalent periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 2014; 42(1): 21-28. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12335
23. Slocum C, Kramer C, Genco C. Immune dysregulation mediated by the oral microbiome: potential link to chronic inflammation and atherosclerosis (Review). J Intern Med. 2016; 280(1): 114–128. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12476
24. Suzuki J-i, Imai Y, Aoki M, Fujita D, Aoyama N, Tada Y, et al. Periodontitis in Cardiovascular Disease Patients with or without Marfan Syndrome -A Possible Role of Prevotella intermedia-. PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(4): 1-4. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095521
25. Tonetti M, Van T and on behalf of working group 1 of the joint EFP/ AAP workshop. Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: consensus report of the Joint EFP/AAP Workshop on Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases. J Periodontol. 2013; 84(4): S24-S29. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2013.1340019
26. Falcao A, Bullón P. A review of the influence of periodontal treatment in systemic diseases. Periodontology 2000. 2019; 79(1): 117–128. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12249
27. Pizzicannella J, Diomede F, Merciaro I, Caputi S, Tartaro A, Guarnieri S, et al. Endothelial committed oral stem cells as modelling in the relationship between periodontal and cardiovascular disease. J Cell Physiol. 2018; 233(10): 6734–6747. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.26515
28. Vidal F, Cordovil I, Figueredo C, Fischer R. Non-surgical periodontal treatment reduces cardiovascular risk in refractory hypertensive patients: a pilot study. J Clin Periodontol. 2013; 40(7): 681-687. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12110
29. Qi J, Zihang Z, Zhang J, Park Y, Shrestha D, Jianling B, et al. Periodontal Antibodies and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality. Journal of Dental Research. 2019; 99(1): 51-59. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034519884012
30. Delange N, Lindsay S, Lemus H, Finlayson T, Kelley S, Gottlieb R. Periodontal disease and its connection to systemic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in young American Indian/Alaskan natives. J Periodontol. 2018; 89(2): 219–227. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.17-0319
31. Reichert S, Schulz S, Benten A, Lutze A, Seifert T, Schlitt M, et al. Periodontal conditions and incidence of new cardiovascular events among patients with coronary vascular disease. J Clin Periodontol. 2016; 43(11): 918-925. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12611
32. Schenkein H, Loos B. Inflammatory mechanisms linking periodontal diseases to cardiovascular diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2013; 40(14): S51–S69. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12060
33. Montenegro M, Ribeiro I, Kampits C, Saffi M, Furtado M, Polanczyk C, et al. Randomized controlled trial of the effect of periodontal treatment on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with stable coronary artery disease: Preliminary findings of 3 months. J Clin Periodontol. 2019; 46(3): 321–331. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13085
34. Sproston N, Ashworth J. Role of C-Reactive Protein at Sites of Inflammation and Infection. Front Inmunol. 2018; 9: 754-765. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00754
35. Isola G, Alibrandi A, Currò M, Matarese M, Ricca S, Matarese G, et al. Evaluation of salivary and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in patients with periodontal and cardiovascular disease as subclinical marker of cardiovascular risk. 2020; 91(8): 1076-1084. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.19-0446
36. Taha I, Naba A. Exploring the extracellular matrix in health and disease using proteomics. Essays Biochem. 2019; 63(3): 417-432. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1042/EBC20190001
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Gutiérrez Solano, M. P., & Centeno Dávila, M. del C. (2023). Asociación entre enfermedad periodontal y enfermedad cardiovascular. Odontología Activa Revista Científica, 8(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.31984/oactiva.v8i1.682
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