Root canal morphology of permanent mandibular incisors using cone-beam computed tomography in a Cuenca subpopulation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31984/oactiva.v7i1.635Keywords:
incisivos inferiores; Tomografía Computarizada de Haz de Cono; morfología de conductos radiculares; EndodonciaAbstract
Purpose: Evaluate the root canal morphology of mandibular incisors by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: 187 Cuenca patients’ CBCT scans were analyzed, evaluating a total of 748 tomographic images. CBCTs were obtained using a Morita 3D Accuitomo 170 tomograph (J. Morita Inc., Kyoto, Japan) with a 0.330 mm voxel size; exposure parameters of 90 kV and 6 mA; 170 x 170 field of view and 0.66mm cutting thickness. Root canal anatomy was analyzed according to the Vertucci classification. Gender influence on the canal distribution of canals and the symmetry of bilaterality were statistically analyzed; the level of significance was p <0.05. Results: All teeth had 1 root. The prevalence of two root canals was 9%. In teeth with two root canals, the most prevalent Vertucci configuration was type III (6.7%), followed by type V (1.6%). Furthermore, 68.7% of the teeth with two root canals presented bifurcation in the middle third of the root. There were no statistically significant differences regarding the influence of gender and bilaterality symmetry. Conclusions: The prevalence of two canals in mandibular incisors in a Cuenca subpopulation was approximately 9%, being Vertucci’s type III the most common configuration.
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References
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2. Costa F, Pacheco-Yanes J, Siqueira J, Oliveira A, Gazzaneo I, Amorim CA, et al. Association between missed canals and apical periodontitis. Int Endod J. 2019;52(4):400-6. Available from: URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30284719/.
3. Baruwa AO, Martins JNR, Meirinhos J, Pereira B, Gouveia J, Quaresma SA, et al. The Influence of Missed Canals on the Prevalence of Periapical Lesions in Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Cross-sectional Study. J Endod. 2020;46(1):34-39.
4. Cantatore G, Berutti E, Castellucci A. Missed anatomy: frequency and clinical impact. Endod Top. 2006;15(1):3-31. Available from: URL: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0099239919307435.
5. Valenti-Obino F, Di Nardo D, Quero L, Miccoli G, Gambarini G, Testarelli L, et al. Symmetry of root and root canal morphology of mandibular incisors: A cone-beam computed tomography study in vivo. J Clin Exp Dent. 2019; e527-533. Available from: URL: http://www.medicinaoral.com/medoralfree01/aop/55629.pdf.
6. Gambarini G, Ropini P, Piasecki L, Costantini R, Carneiro E, Testarelli L, et al. A preliminary assessment of a new dedicated endodontic software for use with CBCT images to evaluate the canal complexity of mandibular molars. Int Endod J. 2018;51(3):259-68. Available from: URL: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/iej.12845.
7. Versiani M, Bettina B, Sousa-Neto M. The Root Canal Anatomy in Permanent Dentition. En Springer International Publishing; 2019.
8. Gambarini G, Piasecki L, Ropini P, Miccoli G, Nardo D, Testarelli L. Cone-beam computed tomographic analysis on root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molar among multiracial population in Western European population. Eur J Dent. 2018;12(03):434-8. Available from: URL: http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.4103/ejd.ejd_116_18.
9. Ahmed H, Dummer P. A new system for classifying tooth, root and canal anomalies. Int Endod J. 2018;51(4):389-404. Available from: URL: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/iej.12685.
10. Martins J, Marques D, Silva E, Caramês J, Versiani M. Prevalence Studies on Root Canal Anatomy Using Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Imaging: A Systematic Review. J Endod. 2019;45(4):372-86.
11. Queiroz P, Santaella G, Capelozza A, Rosalen P, Freitas D, Haiter-Neto F. Zoom Reconstruction Tool: Evaluation of Image Quality and Influence on the Diagnosis of Root Fracture. J Endod. 2018;44(4):621-5.
12. Scarfe W. Maxillofacial cone beam computed tomography. New York, NY: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2018.
13. Vertucci F. Root canal anatomy of the mandibular anterior teeth. J Am Dent Assoc. 1974;89(2):369-71. Available from: URL: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0030422084900859.
14. Gulabivala K, Aung T, Alavi A, Ng Y-L. Root and canal morphology of Burmese mandibular molars. Int Endod J. 2001;34(5):359-70.
15. Cheung G, Yang J, Fan B. Morphometric study of the apical anatomy of C-shaped root canal systems in mandibular second molars. Int Endod J. 2007;40(4):239-46.
16. Moreano S. Técnica de diafanización dental. ReciMundo Rev Científica Investig El Conoc. 2019;3(1):725-41.
17. Nair M, Nair U. Digital and Advanced Imaging in Endodontics: A Review. J Endod. 2007;33(1):1-6. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0099239906007655.
18. Fan B, Gao Y, Fan W, Gutmann J. Identification of a C-shaped Canal System in Mandibular Second Molars—Part II: The Effect of Bone Image Superimposition and Intraradicular Contrast Medium on Radiograph Interpretation. J Endod. 2008;34(2):160-5.
19. Sousa T, Haiter-Neto F, Nascimento E, Peroni L, Freitas D, Hassan B. Diagnostic Accuracy of Periapical Radiography and Cone-beam Computed Tomography in Identifying Root Canal Configuration of Human Premolars. J Endod. 2017;43(7):1176-9.
20. Ramos Brito A, Verner F, Junqueira R, Yamasaki M, Queiroz P, Freitas D, et al. Detection of Fractured Endodontic Instruments in Root Canals: Comparison between Different Digital Radiography Systems and Cone-beam Computed Tomography. J Endod. 2017;43(4):544-9. Available from: URL: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0099239916309463.
21. Mohsen A, Mona S, Naghmeh M, Hasan R, Mohamad K. Evaluation of the Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular Permanent Anterior Teeth in an Iranian Population by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. J Dent Tehran Iran. 2013;10(4):358-66.
22. Han T, Ma Y, Yang L, Chen X, Zhang X, Wang Y. A Study of the Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Anterior Teeth Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography in a Chinese Subpopulation. J Endod. 2014;40(9):1309-14.
23. Haghanifar S, Moudi E, Bijani A, Ghanbarabadi M. Morphologic assessment of mandibular anterior teeth root canal using CBCT. Acta Medica Acad. 2017;46(2):85-93.
24. Berman L, Cohen S, Hargreaves K. Pathways of the Pulp. 11.a ed. Elsevier; 2016.
25. Mozzo P, Procacci C, Tacconi A, Tinazzi Martini P, Bergamo Andreis I. A new volumetric CT machine for dental imaging based on the cone-beam technique: preliminary results. Eur Radiol. 1998;8(9):1558-64. Available from: URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s003300050586.
26. Leoni G, Versiani M, Pécora J, Damião de Sousa-Neto M. Micro–Computed Tomographic Analysis of the Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Incisors. J Endod. 2014;40(5):710-6.
27. Marciano M, Duarte M, Ordinola-Zapata R, Villas-Bôas M, Minotti P, Bramante C, et al. Applications of micro-computed tomography in endodontic research. En: Current Microscopy Contributions to Advances in Science and Technology. A. Méndez-Vilas, Ed. 2012.
28. Somma F, Leoni D, Plotino G, Grande N, Plasschaert A. Root canal morphology of the mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars: a micro-computed tomographic analysis. Int Endod J. 2009;42(2):165-74. Available from: URL: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01472.x.
29. Verma P, Love R. A Micro CT study of the mesiobuccal root canal morphology of the maxillary first molar tooth: Mesiobuccal root canal morphology. Int Endod J. 2011;44(3):210-7.
30. Arslan H, Ertas H, Ertas E, Kalabalık F, Saygılı G, Capar I. Evaluating root canal configuration of mandibular incisors with cone-beam computed tomography in a Turkish population. J Dent Sci. 2015;10(4):359-64.
31. Paes da Silva L, Rice D, Ordinola-Zapata R, Alvares A, Bramante C, Jaramillo D, et al. Detection of Various Anatomic Patterns of Root Canals in Mandibular Incisors Using Digital Periapical Radiography, 3 Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Scanners, and Micro–Computed Tomographic Imaging. J Endod. 2014;40(1):42-5. Available from: URL: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0099239913008698.
32. Ronda N. Aplicaciones de la TAC en endodoncia. Electron J Endod Rosario. 2012; 2:28.
33. Haji-Hassani N, Tofangchiha M, Bakhshi M, Mostafaei F. Evaluation of Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Incisor using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Int Oral Health. 2016;8(2):167-71.
34. Candeiro G, Monteiro Dodt Teixeira I, Olimpio Barbosa D, Vivacqua-Gomes N, Alves F. Vertucci’s Root Canal Configuration of 14,413 Mandibular Anterior Teeth in a Brazilian Population: A Prevalence Study Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography. J Endod. 2021;47(3):404-8. Available from: URL: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0099239920309560.
35. Kumar G. Orban’s Oral Histology & Embriology. 14 ed. New Delhi: Elsevier; 2015.
36. Wu Y, Cheng W, Chung M, Su C, Weng P, Cathy Tsai Y-W, et al. Complicated Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Lateral Incisors Is Associated with the Presence of Distolingual Root in Mandibular First Molars: A Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Study in a Taiwanese Population. J Endod. 2018;44(1):73-79.
37. Lin Z, Hu Q, Wang T, Ge J, Liu S, Zhu M, et al. Use of CBCT to investigate the root canal morphology of mandibular incisors. Surg Radiol Anat. 2014;36(9):877-82. Available from: URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21496678/.
38. Kayaoglu G, Peker I, Gumusok M, Sarikir C, Kayadugun A, Ucok O. Root and canal symmetry in the mandibular anterior teeth of patients attending a dental clinic: CBCT study. Braz Oral Res. 2015;29(1):1-7.
39. Wu Y, Cheng W, Weng P, Chung M, Su C, Chiang H, et al. The Presence of Distolingual Root in Mandibular First Molars Is Correlated with Complicated Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Central Incisors: A Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Study in a Taiwanese Population. J Endod. 2018;44(5):711-6.
40. Kun Astudillo K. Estudio in vitro de la anatomía interna del incisivo central inferior mediante el proceso de diafanización (tesis de licenciatura en odontología). [Ciudad de Cuenca]: Universidad de Cuenca; 2013.
41. Nogueira E, Queiroz de Castro R, Nejaim Y, Vespasino A, Haiter F, Silberman A, et al. Evaluation of root canal configuration of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth using cone beam computed tomography: An in-vivo study. Quintessence Int. 2016;47(1):19-24. Available from: URL: http://qi.quintessenz.de/index.php?doc=abstract&abstractID=34807.
42. Darwazeh A, Hamasha A. Radiographic evidence of enamel pearls in Jordanian dental patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology. 2000;89(2):255-8.
43. Cavanha A. Enamel pearls. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1965;19(3):373-82.
44. Ortega D. Anatomía radicular interna en incisivos inferiores mediante TAC en la ciudad de Loja en el período octubre 2017- marzo 2018 (tesis de licenciatura en odontología). [Ciudad de Loja]: Universidad Nacional de Loja; 2018.
45. De la Torre F, Cisneros-Cabello R, Aranguren J, Estévez R, Velasco-Ortega E, Segura-Egea J. Single-rooted maxillary first molar with a single canal: endodontic retreatment. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology. 2008;106(6): e66-8. Available from: URL: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1079210408005635.
46. Kottoor J, Velmurugan N, Surendran S. Endodontic management of a maxillary first molar with eight root canal systems evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography scanning: a case report. J Endod. 37(5):715-9.
47. Martins J, Marques D, Leal Silva E, Caramês J, Mata A, Versiani M. Influence of Demographic Factors on the Prevalence of a Second Root Canal in Mandibular Anterior Teeth – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Arch Oral Biol. 2020; 116: 104749.
48. Wolf T, Stiebritz M, Boemke N, Elsayed I, Paqué F, Wierichs R, et al. 3-dimensional Analysis and Literature Review of the Root Canal Morphology and Physiological Foramen Geometry of 125 Mandibular Incisors by Means of Micro–Computed Tomography in a German Population. J Endod. 2020;46(2):184-91.
49. Shemesh A, Kavalerchik E, Levin A, Ben Itzhak J, Levinson O, Lvovsky A, et al. Root Canal Morphology Evaluation of Central and Lateral Mandibular Incisors Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography in an Israeli Population. J Endod. 2018;44(1):51-5.
50. Martins J, Ordinola-Zapata R, Marques D, Francisco H, Caramês J. Differences in root canal system configuration in human permanent teeth within different age groups. Int Endod J. 2018;51(8):931-41.
51. Baxter S, Jablonski M, Hülsmann M. Cone-beam-computed-tomography of the symmetry of root canal anatomy in mandibular incisors. J Oral Sci. 2020;62(2):180-3.
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2022-01-31
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ALVAREZ VASQUEZ, J. L., Durán Urdiales, D. B., & GONZALEZ NEIRA, C. C. (2022). Root canal morphology of permanent mandibular incisors using cone-beam computed tomography in a Cuenca subpopulation. Odontología Activa Revista Científica, 7(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.31984/oactiva.v7i1.635
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